Urolithiasis in Childhood
An account of 85 children with urolithiasis admitted to The Hospital for Sick Children, Great Ormond Street during a 20-year period is provided. Stones in the urogenital system were found in four groups of patients: in those with congenital anomalies, in patients with errors of metabolism such as cystinuria and oxaluria, other recognizable causes such as neurogenic bladder and nephrocalcinosis, and those with unknown causes comprising 46 of the cases. The clinical and radiologic findings are discussed and chemical analyses of the calculi in 59 cases are tabulated. Hematuria was the predominating presenting symptom and urinary infection was frequent. Nephritis is an unfortunate erroneous diagnosis which is to be avoided by remembering this possible confusion and employing urologic investigation in suspicious circumstances.
