1 Massachusetts General Hospital Boston 14, Massachusetts
Clinical and metabolic studies have PEDIATRIC I.V. DRIP [SEE FIG I. IN SOURCE PDF] indicated that critically ill patients may lose temporarily a major portion of their usual tolerance for water and certain electrolytes (New England J. Med., 252:856, 1955). As a result, they are apt to become water-intoxicated if given too much solute-free water and salt-intoxicated if given too much saline, especially during the operative and immediate postoperative periods.
It would appear that one simple way to avoid these difficulties is to keep the rate of intravenous fluid administration down to approximately 1200 ml/m2 of body surface area per 24 hours during such critical periods. In the adult of 1.8 m2 (70 kg), this rate of administration would mean the delivery of an absolute total of about 2200 ml/day.