Published online January 26, 2009
PEDIATRICS Vol. 123 No. 2 February 2009, pp. e282-e288 (doi:10.1542/peds.2008-1663)
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ARTICLE

Water-Pipe Tobacco Smoking Among Middle and High School Students in Arizona

Brian A. Primack, MD, EdM, MSa,b,c, Michele Walsh, PhDd, Cindy Bryce, PhDa,b and Thomas Eissenberg, PhDe

a Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine
b Center for Research on Health Care
c Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
d Evaluation, Research, and Development Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
e Department of Psychology and Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia

BACKGROUND. Using a water pipe to smoke tobacco is increasing in prevalence among US college students, and it may also be common among younger adolescents. The purpose of this study of Arizona middle and high school students was to examine the prevalence of water-pipe tobacco smoking, compare water-pipe tobacco smoking with other forms of tobacco use, and determine associations between sociodemographic variables and water-pipe tobacco smoking in this population.

METHODS. We added items assessing water-pipe tobacco smoking to Arizona's 2005 Youth Tobacco Survey and used them to estimate statewide water-pipe tobacco smoking prevalence among various demographic groups by using survey weights. We also used multiple logistic regression to determine which demographic characteristics had independent relationships with each of 2 outcomes: ever use of water pipe to smoke tobacco and water-pipe tobacco smoking in the previous 30 days.

RESULTS. Median age of the sample was 14. Accounting for survey weights, among middle school students, 2.1% had ever smoked water-pipe tobacco and 1.4% had done so within the previous 30 days. Among those in high school, 10.3% had ever smoked from a water pipe and 5.4% had done so in the previous 30 days, making water-pipe tobacco smoking more common than use of smokeless tobacco, pipes, bidis, and kreteks (clove cigarettes). In multivariate analyses that controlled for covariates, ever smoking of water-pipe tobacco was associated with older age, Asian race, white race, charter school attendance, and lack of plans to attend college.

CONCLUSIONS. Among Arizona youth, water pipe is the third most common source of tobacco after cigarettes and cigars. Increased national surveillance and additional research will be important for addressing this threat to public health.

Key Words: water pipe • narghile • hookah • tobacco • smoking • adolescence • high school

Abbreviations: YTS—Youth Tobacco Survey

Accepted Nov 7, 2008.


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Errors, Misrepresentations and Misquotations in Study on Water-Pipe Tobacco Smoking in Arizona
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Pediatrics Online, 29 Jan 2009 [Full text]
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