Published online October 1, 2008
PEDIATRICS Vol. 122 No. 4 October 2008, pp. e799-e804 (doi:10.1542/peds.2007-3650)
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ARTICLE

Experience of Families During Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit

Cynthia Tinsley, MDa, J. Brandon Hill, MDa, Jason Shah, MD, MPHa, Grenith Zimmerman, PhDb, Michele Wilson, MS, RNc, Kiti Freier, PhDd and Shamel Abd-Allah, MDa

Departments of a Pediatrics
c Nursing, Loma Linda University Children's Hospital
b School of Allied Health Professions
d School of Science and Technology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California

OBJECTIVES. Having parents present during cardiopulmonary resuscitation is becoming a common practice in pediatrics. This study aimed to determine parents' perception of the effects of their presence during the resuscitation efforts of their child and whether they would recommend the experience to other families.

METHODS. This study included parents or guardians of children who underwent cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and died at least 6 months before the interview. After telephone consent was obtained, a survey questionnaire was completed. The interviewees answered whether they were asked to be present, whether they had physical contact with their child, and whether the experience frightened them or gave them and their child comfort. The interviewees were asked to express their feelings about what was helpful to them and what could be done to improve the experience.

RESULTS. A total of 41 interviews were conducted, and responders were divided into 2 groups: 21 in the present group and 20 in the not-present group for cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Twelve (60%) of those in the not-present group believed that their presence would have comforted the child, and 50% (10 of 20) believed that it would have helped them accept the child's death. Of those in the present group, 67% (8 of 12) believed that touching their child brought comfort, 29% (6 of 21) felt scared during cardiopulmonary resuscitation, 71% (15 of 21) believed that their presence comforted their child, and 67% (14 of 21) believed that their presence helped them adjust to the loss of the child. The majority in both groups (63% [26 of 41]) would recommend being present during cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

CONCLUSIONS. This study supports encouraging family presence during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The majority of parents who had been present and those who had not been present believed that all families should be given the option to be present.

Key Words: families presence • cardiopulmonary resuscitation • pediatric intensive care

Abbreviations: CPR—cardiopulmonary resuscitation • PG—present group • NPG—not-present group

Accepted Jul 1, 2008.


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