Published online April 1, 2008
PEDIATRICS Vol. 121 Supplement April 2008, pp. S273-S289 (doi:10.1542/peds.2007-2243C)
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SUPPLEMENT ARTICLE


Transitions Into Underage and Problem Drinking: Developmental Processes and Mechanisms Between 10 and 15 Years of Age

Michael Windle, PhDa, Linda P. Spear, PhDb, Andrew J. Fuligni, PhDc, Adrian Angold, MRCPsychd, Jane D. Brown, PhDe, Daniel Pine, MDf, Greg T. Smith, PhDg, Jay Giedd, MDh and Ronald E. Dahl, MDi,j

a Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
b Department of Psychology, Binghamton University, State University of New York, Binghamton, New York
c Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, California
d Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
e School of Journalism and Mass Communication, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
f Section on Development and Affective Neuroscience
h Unit on Brain Imaging in the Child Psychiatry Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland
g Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
i Departments of Psychiatry
j Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

Numerous developmental changes occur across levels of personal organization (eg, changes related to puberty, brain and cognitive-affective structures and functions, and family and peer relationships) in the age period of 10 to 15 years. Furthermore, the onset and escalation of alcohol use commonly occur during this period. This article uses both animal and human studies to characterize these multilevel developmental changes. The timing of and variations in developmental changes are related to individual differences in alcohol use. It is proposed that this integrated developmental perspective serve as the foundation for subsequent efforts to prevent and to treat the causes, problems, and consequences of alcohol consumption.

Key Words: alcohol • development • adolescence

Abbreviations: CNS—central nervous system

Accepted Nov 27, 2007.