Published online January 2, 2008
PEDIATRICS Vol. 121 Supplement January 2008, pp. S105 (doi:10.1542/peds.2007-2022LL)
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ENDOCRINOLOGY


ADIPONECTIN AND PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR-ACTIVATED RECEPTOR {gamma} EXPRESSION IN SUBCUTANEOUS AND OMENTAL ADIPOSE TISSUE IN CHILDREN

Xiaonan Li, Susanne Lindquist, Gertrud Angsten, Torbjorn Myrnas, Jun Yi, Ronghua Chen, Stenlund Hans, Tommy Olsson and Olle Hernell

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Adiponectin is an adipocyte-specific protein with insulin-sensitizing properties. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor {gamma} (PPAR{gamma}) may be involved in its gene transcription.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the expression levels of the genes that encode adiponectin and PPAR{gamma} in subcutaneous and omental adipose tissue in children in relation to age and anthropometric variables.

METHODS: Paired biopsies (from subcutaneous and omental adipose tissue) were obtained from 53 children (age: 0.2–14.0 years; BMI: 12.5–25.8 kg/m2). Messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of adiponectin and PPAR{gamma} were measured by using reverse-transcription and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.

RESULTS: Adiponectin mRNA levels in adipose tissue were positively associated with PPAR{gamma} mRNA levels in children (subcutaneous adipose: r = 0.73, P < .001; omental adipose: r = 0.78, P < .001). In overweight children, the median adiponectin mRNA level was lower in omental adipose tissue (odds ratio: 0.51 [95% confidence interval: 0.1–2.17]) compared with subcutaneous adipose tissue (odds ratio: 1.29 [95% confidence interval: 0.16–5.08]) (P = .032) but not in normal-weight children (P = .54), and the difference remained significant after adjustment for age (P = .045).

CONCLUSIONS: The close association between adiponectin and PPAR{gamma} expression supports the hypothesis that PPAR{gamma} is involved in adiponectin gene regulation. The fact that adiponectin expression was decreased in omental adipose tissue relative to subcutaneous adipose tissue in overweight children suggests that a risk of insulin resistance may be present in childhood, which allows such resistance to develop after a relatively short duration of overweight.

Submitted by Xiaonan Li