Published online April 28, 2008
PEDIATRICS Vol. 121 No. 5 May 2008, pp. e1413-e1425 (doi:10.1542/peds.2007-1897)
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STATE-OF-THE-ART REVIEW ARTICLE

Beyond Cat Scratch Disease: Widening Spectrum of Bartonella henselae Infection

Todd A. Florin, MDa,b, Theoklis E. Zaoutis, MD, MSCEb,c,d,e and Lisa B. Zaoutis, MDa,b

a Divisions of General Pediatrics
c Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
b Departments of Pediatrics
d Epidemiology
e Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

ABSTRACT

Bartonella henselae was discovered a quarter of a century ago as the causative agent of cat scratch disease, a clinical entity described in the literature for more than half a century. As diagnostic techniques improve, our knowledge of the spectrum of clinical disease resulting from infection with Bartonella is expanding. This review summarizes current knowledge regarding the microbiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic techniques, and treatment of B henselae infection.

Key Words: Bartonella • cat scratch disease • lymphadenopathy • fever of unknown origin • hepatosplenic disease

Abbreviations: CSD—cat scratch disease • VEGF—vascular endothelial growth factor • FUO—fever of unknown origin • CT—computed tomography • CSF—cerebrospinal fluid • Ig—immunoglobulin • PCR—polymerase chain reaction • IFA—indirect fluorescence assay • EIA—enzyme immunoassay

Accepted Oct 8, 2007.