Published online December 31, 2007
PEDIATRICS Vol. 121 No. 1 January 2008, pp. 115-122 (doi:10.1542/10.1542/peds.2006-3720)
This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Submit a response
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me when eLetters are posted
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Right arrow Citation Map
Services
Right arrow E-mail this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in ISI Web of Science
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Add to My File Cabinet
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowRequest Permissions
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via CrossRef
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Zhu, H.
Right arrow Articles by Dong, Y.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Zhu, H.
Right arrow Articles by Dong, Y.
Related Collections
Right arrow Nutrition & Metabolism
Social Bookmarking
Add to CiteULike   Add to Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us   Add to Digg   Add to Facebook   Add to Reddit   Add to Technorati   Add to Twitter  
What's this?

ARTICLE

Relationships of Cardiovascular Phenotypes With Healthy Weight, at Risk of Overweight, and Overweight in US Youths

Haidong Zhu, MD, PhD, Weili Yan, MD, PhD, Dongliang Ge, MD, PhD, Frank A. Treiber, PhD, Gregory A. Harshfield, PhD, Gaston Kapuku, MD, PhD, Harold Snieder, PhD and Yanbin Dong, MD, PhD

Georgia Prevention Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia

OBJECTIVE. This study aimed to evaluate comprehensively the cardiovascular phenotypes of cardiovascular disease-free youths at risk of overweight, in comparison with healthy weight and overweight.

METHODS. Casual and ambulatory blood pressure measurements, noninvasive hemodynamic profiles, pulse wave velocity, left ventricular structure and function, and overnight sodium excretion were examined in a cohort of US black and white youths (n = 972; mean age: 17.6 ± 3.3 years).

RESULTS. The occurrence of at risk of overweight was ~17% in either black youths or white youths. In white youths, there was a ~2-mmHg increase in casual systolic blood pressure for each increasing step in the 3 BMI categories (healthy weight, 109.5 ± 0.5 mmHg; at risk of overweight, 111.5 ± 0.6 mmHg; overweight, 113.5 ± 1.1 mmHg). Ambulatory systolic blood pressure showed a similar increase with the increase in BMI. A blunted nocturnal decline in ambulatory diastolic blood pressure with the categorical BMI increase was observed in black youths. In both racial groups, cardiac output and stroke volume were significantly enhanced sequentially from healthy weight to at risk of overweight to overweight. In black youths, both casual and ambulatory heart rate increased significantly with the increase in BMI. Moreover, there was a linear increase of left ventricular mass index from the healthy-weight group to the at risk of overweight group, with the overweight group having the highest value. In white youths, carotid-dorsalis pedis pulse wave velocity increased significantly as the BMI increased. Regardless of race, overnight sodium excretion showed a significant increase from healthy-weight subjects to overweight subjects, with at risk of overweight subjects having intermediate values.

CONCLUSIONS. Youths at risk of overweight, compared with healthy-weight youths, seem to have increased cardiovascular risks. Our data suggest that the status of at risk of overweight already has clinical implications in youths.

Key Words: at risk of overweight • youths • blood pressure • arterial stiffness • hemodynamics • left ventricular structure and function

Abbreviations: CDC—Centers for Disease Control and Prevention • BP—blood pressure • PWV—pulse wave velocity • SV—stroke volume • HR—heart rate • SBP—systolic blood pressure • DBP—diastolic blood pressure • LVM—left ventricular mass

Accepted Jun 26, 2007.


Add to CiteULike CiteULike   Add to Connotea Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us Del.icio.us   Add to Digg Digg   Add to Facebook Facebook   Add to Reddit Reddit   Add to Technorati Technorati   Add to Twitter Twitter    What's this?


This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 J. Nutr.Home page
E. Velkoska, T. J. Cole, R. G. Dean, L. M. Burrell, and M. J. Morris
Early Undernutrition Leads to Long-Lasting Reductions in Body Weight and Adiposity Whereas Increased Intake Increases Cardiac Fibrosis in Male Rats
J. Nutr., September 1, 2008; 138(9): 1622 - 1627.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]