The term "genetic neurology" describes a new biologic discipline defined as the study of all processes involved in the maturation of the nervous system, the maintenance of its integrity and the process of restoration after disruption. This volume summarizes the symposium held in March 1949, in Chicago, and subsidized by UNESCO, at which this new discipline was literally born. It includes papers by 19 of the outstanding authorities in all phases of the study of the physiology, biochemistry, embryology, pathology, etc., of the nervous system.