Published online March 12, 2007
PEDIATRICS Vol. 119 No. 4 April 2007, pp. e1002-e1005 (doi:10.1542/peds.2006-2401)
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EXPERIENCE & REASON

Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Atypical Stevens-Johnson Syndrome: A Case Series

Karen A. Ravin, MDa, Lara D. Rappaport, MD, MPHb, Noel S. Zuckerbraun, MDb, Robert M. Wadowsky, ScDc, Ellen R. Wald, MDd and Marian M. Michaels, MD, MPHa

a Division of Infectious Diseases
b Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics
c Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
d Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison, Wisconsin

ABSTRACT

Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a common cause of community-acquired respiratory illness in the adolescent population. Stevens-Johnson syndrome is an extrapulmonary manifestation that has been associated with M pneumoniae infections. Three adolescent males presented within a 1-month period with M pneumoniae respiratory illnesses and severe mucositis but without the classic rash typical of Stevens-Johnson. Diagnosis was facilitated by the use of a polymerase chain reaction–based assay. This case series highlights the potential for M pneumoniae–associated Stevens-Johnson syndrome to occur without rash and supports the use of polymerase chain reaction for early diagnosis.

Key Words: Stevens-Johnson syndrome • Mycoplasma pneumoniae • mucositis

Abbreviations: SJS, Stevens-Johnson syndrome • PCR, polymerase chain reaction • PCP, primary care provider • HSV, herpes simplex virus

Accepted Oct 18, 2006.