Published online June 22, 2007
PEDIATRICS Vol. 119 No. 3 March 2007, pp. e733-e741 (doi:10.1542/peds.2006-1606)
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ARTICLE

Evaluation of Psychopathological Conditions in Children With Heavy Prenatal Alcohol Exposure

Susanna L. Fryer, MSa, Christie L. McGee, MSa, Georg E. Matt, PhDb, Edward P. Riley, PhDb,c and Sarah N. Mattson, PhDb,c

a San Diego State University/University of California San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology
b Department of Psychology
c Center for Behavioral Teratology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California

OBJECTIVE. This study compared the prevalence of psychopathological conditions in children with heavy prenatal alcohol exposure (N = 39) and nonexposed, typically developing peers (N = 30), matched with respect to age, gender, and socioeconomic status.

METHODS. Caregivers were interviewed with either the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children, Present and Lifetime Version, or the Computerized Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children, Version IV. Statistical resampling methods were used to create 95% confidence intervals for the difference between the proportions of children with psychopathological conditions in the exposed and control groups.

RESULTS. Group differences were seen in the attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, depressive disorders, oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder, and specific phobia outcome categories. The group difference in the attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder category was by far the largest effect observed.

CONCLUSIONS. These results suggest that fetal alcohol exposure should be considered a possible factor in the pathogenesis of childhood psychiatric disorders. These data provide clinically relevant information about the mental health problems that children with fetal alcohol exposure are likely to face.

Key Words: fetal alcohol syndrome • teratogens • psychopathological conditions • attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Abbreviations: FAS—fetal alcohol syndrome • FASD—fetal alcohol spectrum disorders • DSM-IV—Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition • SCID—Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition • SUD—substance use disorder • K-SADS-PL—Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children, Present and Lifetime Version • C-DISC-IV—Computerized Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children, Version IV • ADHD—attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder • SES—socioeconomic status

Accepted Sep 26, 2006.


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