Published online February 1, 2005
PEDIATRICS Vol. 115 No. 2 February 2005, pp. 435-442 (doi:10.1542/peds.2004-0649)
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Health-Related Quality of Life in Young Survivors of Childhood Cancer Using the Minneapolis-Manchester Quality of Life-Youth Form

Sadhna Shankar, MD*, Leslie Robison, PhD{ddagger}, Meriel E.M. Jenney, MD§, Todd H. Rockwood, PhD||, Eric Wu, BA, James Feusner, MD#, Debra Friedman, MD**, Robert L. Kane, MD|| and Smita Bhatia, MD, MPH

* Division of Pediatric Oncology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
{ddagger} Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Research
§ Division of Health Services Research and Policy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
|| Department of Child Health, Llandough Hospital, South Glamorgan, United Kingdom
Division of Pediatric Oncology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California
# Division of Pediatric Oncology, Children's Hospital of Oakland, Oakland, California
** Division of Pediatric Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington

Objective. To assess the health-related quality of life (HRQL) of 8- to 12-year-old children undergoing therapy for cancer or childhood-cancer survivors by using the Minneapolis-Manchester Quality of Life-Youth Form (MMQL-YF), a comprehensive, multidimensional self-report instrument with demonstrable reliability and validity.

Design, Setting, and Patients. The MMQL-YF consists of 32 items comprising 4 scales: physical functioning, psychologic functioning, physical symptoms, and outlook on life. Scoring on the MMQL ranges from 1 to 5; 5 indicates maximal HRQL. An overall quality-of-life (QOL) score is also computed. By using a cross-sectional study design, the MMQL-YF was administered to 90 off-therapy cancer survivors, 72 children with cancer undergoing active therapy, and 481 healthy children without a history of cancer or other chronic disease.

Results. Compared with healthy controls, children actively undergoing cancer treatment report low overall QOL, physical functioning, and outlook-on-life scores. However, off-therapy survivors report a superior overall QOL, compared with age-matched healthy controls.

Conclusions. Young survivors of childhood cancer report a favorable HRQL relative to healthy controls. These results are reassuring, suggesting that this group of survivors may have been too young to encounter some of the negative psychosocial impacts of cancer and its treatment.

Key Words: health-related quality of life • childhood-cancer survivors

Abbreviations: HRQL, health-related quality of life • QOL, quality of life • MMQL, Minneapolis-Manchester Quality of Life • YF, Youth Form • RR, relative risk • CI, confidence interval

Accepted Aug 26, 2004.


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