Published online January 3, 2005
PEDIATRICS Vol. 115 No. 1 January 2005, pp. 178-181 (doi:10.1542/peds.2004-2137)
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EXPERIENCE AND REASON

Lactobacillus Sepsis Associated With Probiotic Therapy

Michael H. Land, MD*, Kelly Rouster-Stevens, MD*, Charles R. Woods, MD*, Michael L. Cannon, MD{ddagger}, James Cnota, MD* and Avinash K. Shetty, MD*

* Departments of Pediatrics
{ddagger} Anesthesiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina

Probiotic strains of lactobacilli are increasingly being used in clinical practice because of their many health benefits. Infections associated with probiotic strains of lactobacilli are extremely rare. We describe 2 patients who received probiotic lactobacilli and subsequently developed bacteremia and sepsis attributable to Lactobacillus species. Molecular DNA fingerprinting analysis showed that the Lactobacillus strain isolated from blood samples was indistinguishable from the probiotic strain ingested by the patients. This report indicates, for the first time, that invasive disease can be associated with probiotic lactobacilli. This report should not discourage the appropriate use of Lactobacillus or other probiotic agents but should serve as a reminder that these agents can cause invasive disease in certain populations.

Key Words: Lactobacillus • probiotic • bacteremia • sepsis

Abbreviations: CVC, central venous catheter • MIC, minimal inhibitory concentration

Accepted Sep 30, 2004.




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