CLINICAL REPORT |
Whether a component of a disease process, the result of acute injury, or a product of a diagnostic or therapeutic procedure, pain should be relieved and stress should be decreased for pediatric patients. Control of pain and stress for children who enter into the emergency medical system, from the prehospital arena to the emergency department, is a vital component of emergency care. Any barriers that prevent appropriate and timely administration of analgesia to the child who requires emergency medical treatment should be eliminated. Although more research and innovation are needed, every opportunity should be taken to use available methods of pain control. A systematic approach to pain management and anxiolysis, including staff education and protocol development, can have a positive effect on providing comfort to children in the emergency setting.
Key Words: pain stress anxiety analgesia opiates topical anesthesia
Abbreviations: ED, emergency department EMS, emergency medical services EMLA, eutectic mixture of local anesthetics LMX4, liposomal 4% lidocaine cream LET, lidocaine, epinephrine, and tetracaine AAP, American Academy of Pediatrics ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists NPO, nil per os
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