Published online October 1, 2004
PEDIATRICS Vol. 114 No. 4 October 2004, pp. e517-e519 (doi:10.1542/peds.2004-0345)
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Human Metapneumovirus
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ELECTRONIC ARTICLE

Life-Threatening Human Metapneumovirus Pneumonia Requiring Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in a Preterm Infant

Rolando Ulloa-Gutierrez, MD*, Peter Skippen, FRCPC{ddagger}, Anne Synnes, MDCM, MHSc§, Michael Seear, MD{ddagger}, Nathalie Bastien, PhD||, Yan Li, PhD|| and John C Forbes, MBChB*

* Infectious Diseases Division
{ddagger} Pediatric Critical Care Division
§ Neonatology Division, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia and British Columbia’s Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
|| National Microbiology Laboratory, Canadian Science Center for Human and Animal Health, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada

We present the first report in the literature of a child with human metapneumovirus pneumonia who required extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for survival. This was a 3-month-old premature boy from British Columbia, Canada, who developed severe respiratory failure, experienced failure of high-frequency oscillatory mechanical ventilation, and required extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support for 10 days. This case illustrates the importance of including this newly discovered pathogen among the causes of childhood pneumonia.

Key Words: human metapneumovirus • viral pneumonia • prematurity • respiratory failure • ECMO • mechanical ventilation

Abbreviations: hMPV, human metapneumovirus • ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation • PICU, pediatric intensive care unit • RSV, respiratory syncytial virus • CMV, cytomegalovirus • PCR, polymerase chain reaction

Accepted May 7, 2004.


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