Kawasaki Syndrome Hospitalizations in the United States, 1997 and 2000
* Office of the Director, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, US Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, Georgia
Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project, Center for Organization and Delivery Studies, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, US Department of Health and Human Service, Rockville, Maryland
Objective. To estimate the incidence and describe the epidemiologic characteristics of Kawasaki syndrome (KS) among children in the United States.
Methods. Hospital discharge records with a KS diagnosis among patients <18 years of age were obtained from the 1997 and 2000 Kids’ Inpatient Database and weighted to estimate the number and rate of KS-associated hospitalizations for the United States.
Results. In 2000, 
4248 hospitalizations associated with KS occurred in the United States, and the median age of patients at admission was 2 years. Children <5 years of age accounted for 3277 of these KS hospitalizations (77%) and had a KS hospitalization rate of 17.1 per 100 000 children. This rate was similar to the 1997 rate of 17.6 per 100 000 children. The KS hospitalization rate was significantly higher for infants <1 year of age than for children 1 to 4 years of age (19.8 and 16.4 per 100 000 children, respectively). The rate of KS hospitalizations among children aged <5 years was highest among Asian and Pacific Islander children and was followed by the rate for black children (39.0 and 19.7 per 100 000 children, respectively). No deaths associated with KS were reported among hospitalized children. The median charge for a KS hospitalization was $7779 (mean $10 725) and the total annual charges for KS hospitalizations in 2000 were approximately $35 million among children <5 years of age.
Conclusions. Among children <5 years of age, the annual KS-associated hospitalization rates were similar for 1997 and 2000. The epidemiologic characteristics and hospitalization rates for KS at a national level were consistent with those reported from earlier studies, suggesting that the incidence for KS has not markedly changed in the United States during the past decade.
Key Words: Kawasaki syndrome • Kawasaki disease • hospitalizations • epidemiology • children • infants • United States
Abbreviations: KS, Kawasaki syndrome • KID, Kids’ Inpatient Database • HCUP, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project • ICD-9-CM, International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification • SE, standard error • CI, confidence interval • CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention • NIS, Nationwide Inpatient Sample
Received for publication Jan 10, 2003; Accepted Mar 11, 2003.
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