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PEDIATRICS Vol. 112 No. 1 July 2003, pp. 259-264

International Environmental Health for the Pediatrician: Case Study of Lead Poisoning

Henry Falk, MD, MPH

From the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, US Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, Georgia

Childhood lead poisoning is a preventable illness. In the past 3 decades, removal of key lead sources and prevention of exposure in the United States have led to dramatic decreases in population blood lead concentrations and also in instances of severe lead poisoning requiring treatment. From an international perspective, childhood lead poisoning seems to be of greatest concern in developing countries. The phasing out of lead from gasoline is a critical first step in decreasing worldwide blood lead concentrations. However, many focal sources that can cause lead poisoning remain, such as lead from flour mills, lead-glazed ceramics, mining and smelting, and battery repair and recycling. A large and diverse country, such as India, may have many sources of lead. The challenge will be for developing countries to implement effective national and regional efforts to address their specific sources of lead.


Key Words: international • environmental health • lead poisoning • child • developing nations

Abbreviations: DHHS, US Department of Health and Human Services • CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention


Received for publication Jul 26, 2002; Accepted Jan 17, 2003.


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