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PEDIATRICS Vol. 111 No. 4 April 2003, pp. e304-e308

ELECTRONIC ARTICLE

Hearing Deficits in Young Adults Who Had a History of Otitis Media in Childhood: Use of Personal Stereos Had No Effect on Hearing

Brechtje A. de Beer, MD*,{ddagger}, Kees Graamans, MD, PhD*, Ad F. M. Snik, PhD*, Koen Ingels, MD, PhD* and Gerhard A. Zielhuis, PhD{ddagger}

* Departments of Otorhinolaryngology
{ddagger} Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University Medical Center Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands

--> Objective. To test the hypothesis proposed in a recent French study that a history of recurrent otitis media (OM) in childhood increases susceptibility to hearing loss from frequent exposure to a personal stereo (PS) during development to early adulthood.

Methods. A subcohort of 358 young adults selected from a historic cohort study, all 18 years old and with a well-documented OM history (secretory and acute), provided data on the sound level and length of exposure to PSs. Four contrasting groups were formed: those with the highest or lowest PS exposure combined with a positive or negative history of OM (n = 238). The main outcome measure was hearing thresholds from pure-tone audiometry (0.5–8 kHz).

Results. Young adults with a history of recurrent OM in childhood did not show greater susceptibility to hearing loss from PS use than their peers without a history of OM. However, a history of recurrent OM was associated with significant mean air-conduction hearing loss of 4 dB and a mean bone-conduction hearing loss of 2 dB compared with the participants without a history of OM (Fig 1).



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  		Fig 1. Mean air-conduction thresholds in participants with and without a history of OM and with and without PS use. All thresholds relative to the hearing level of the OM-/PS- reference group.

 
Conclusions. Recurrent OM in childhood may have an irreversible effect on the middle ear and the cochlea and may lead to hearing deficits in later life. No interaction with PS exposure is seen.

Key Words: otitis media • otitis media with effusion • hearing • adolescence • long-term effects • audiometry • noise-induced hearing loss • personal stereos • cohort studies

Abbreviations: OM, otitis media • PS, personal stereo • dB HL, decibel(s) hearing loss • SPL, sound pressure level • OME, OM with effusion • OM+, positive OM • OM-, negative OM • PS+, high PS score • PS-, low PS score • AOM, acute OM

Received for publication Aug 28, 2002; Accepted Nov 14, 2002.




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