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PEDIATRICS Vol. 111 No. 2 February 2003, pp. 436-440

CLINICAL REPORT

Hearing Assessment in Infants and Children: Recommendations Beyond Neonatal Screening

Congenital or acquired hearing loss in infants and children has been linked with lifelong deficits in speech and language acquisition, poor academic performance, personal-social maladjustments, and emotional difficulties. Identification of hearing loss through neonatal hearing screening as well as objective hearing screening of all infants and children can prevent or reduce many of these adverse consequences. This report outlines the risk indicators for hearing loss, provides guidance for when and how to assess hearing loss, and addresses hearing referral resources for children of all ages.

Michael Cunningham, MD, Edward O. Cox, MD, Committee on Practice and Ambulatory Medicine and Section on Otolaryngology and Bronchoesophagology

Abbreviations: AAP, American Academy of Pediatrics • ABR, auditory brainstem response • OAE, otoacoustic emissions • COR, conditioned oriented response • VRA, visual reinforced audiometry




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