This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me when eLetters are posted
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Right arrow Citation Map
Services
Right arrow E-mail this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Add to My File Cabinet
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowRequest Permissions
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via CrossRef
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Carolan, P. L.
Right arrow Articles by Kemp, R. a. J. S.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Carolan, P. L.
Right arrow Articles by Kemp, R. a. J. S.
Related Collections
Right arrow Office Practice
Social Bookmarking
Add to CiteULike   Add to Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us   Add to Digg   Add to Facebook   Add to Reddit   Add to Technorati   Add to Twitter  
What's this?

PEDIATRICS Vol. 105 No. 4 April 2000, pp. 774-779

Potential to Prevent Carbon Dioxide Rebreathing of Commercial Products Marketed to Reduce Sudden Infant Death Syndrome Risk

Received Jul 9, 1999; accepted Oct 29, 1999.

Patrick L. Carolan*, William B. Wheeler*, James D. Ross, and RCP*; and James S. KempDagger

From the * Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospitals and Clinics, Minneapolis, Minnesota; and Dagger  Department of Pediatrics and the Pediatric Research Institute, St Louis University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri.

Objective.  Rebreathing of exhaled air is one proposed mechanism for the increased risk for sudden infant death syndrome among prone sleeping infants. We evaluated how carbon dioxide (CO2) dispersal was affected by a conventional crib mattress and 5 products recently marketed to prevent prone rebreathing.

Setting.  Infant pulmonary laboratory.

Equipment.  An infant mannequin with its nares connected via tubing to an 100-mL reservoir filled with 5% CO2. The sleep surfaces studied included: firm mattress covered by a sheet, Bumpa Bed, Breathe Easy, Kid Safe/Baby Air, Halo Sleep System, and Sleep Guardian. The mannequin was positioned prone face-down or near-face-down. The sleep surfaces were studied with the covering sheet taut, covering sheet wrinkled, and with the mannequin arm positioned up, near the face.

Measurements.  We measured the fall in percentage end-tidal CO2 as the reservoir was ventilated with the piston pump. The half-time for CO2 dispersal (t1/2) is an index of the ability to cause or prevent rebreathing.

Results.  Compared with the face-to-side control, 5 of 6 surfaces allowed a significant increase in t1/2 in all 3 prone scenarios. The firm mattress and 4 of the 5 surfaces designed to prevent rebreathing consistently allowed t1/2 above thresholds for the onset of CO2 retention and lethal rebreathing in an animal model (J Appl Physiol. 1995;78:740).

Conclusions.  With very few exceptions, infants should be placed supine for sleep. For infants placed prone or rolling to the prone position, significant rebreathing of exhaled air would be likely on all surfaces studied, except one.  Key words:  sudden infant death syndrome, carbon dioxide rebreathing, commercial sleep products, consumer product safety.


Add to CiteULike CiteULike   Add to Connotea Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us Del.icio.us   Add to Digg Digg   Add to Facebook Facebook   Add to Reddit Reddit   Add to Technorati Technorati   Add to Twitter Twitter    What's this?


This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.Home page
C. E. HUNT
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome and Other Causes of Infant Mortality . Diagnosis, Mechanisms, and Risk for Recurrence in Siblings
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., August 1, 2001; 164(3): 346 - 357.
[Full Text] [PDF]