This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Submit a response
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me when eLetters are posted
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Right arrow Citation Map
Services
Right arrow E-mail this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Add to My File Cabinet
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowRequest Permissions
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via CrossRef
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Related Collections
Right arrow Ophthalmology
Social Bookmarking
Add to CiteULike   Add to Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us   Add to Digg   Add to Facebook   Add to Reddit   Add to Technorati   Add to Twitter  
What's this?

PEDIATRICS Vol. 105 No. 2 February 2000, pp. 295-310

Supplemental Therapeutic Oxygen for Prethreshold Retinopathy of Prematurity (STOP-ROP), A Randomized, Controlled Trial. I: Primary Outcomes

Received Oct 13, 1999; accepted Nov 2, 1999.

The STOP-ROP Multicenter Study Group

From the STOP-ROP Multicenter Study Group.

Objective.  To determine the efficacy and safety of supplemental therapeutic oxygen for infants with prethreshold retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) to reduce the probability of progression to threshold ROP and the need for peripheral retinal ablation.

Methods.  Premature infants with confirmed prethreshold ROP in at least 1 eye and median pulse oximetry <94% saturation were randomized to a conventional oxygen arm with pulse oximetry targeted at 89% to 94% saturation or a supplemental arm with pulse oximetry targeted at 96% to 99% saturation, for at least 2 weeks, and until both eyes were at study endpoints. Certified examiners masked to treatment assignment conducted weekly eye examinations until each study eye reached ophthalmic endpoint. An adverse ophthalmic endpoint for an infant was defined as reaching threshold criteria for laser or cryotherapy in at least 1 study eye. A favorable ophthalmic endpoint was regression of the ROP into zone III for at least 2 consecutive weekly examinations or full retinal vascularization. At 3 months after the due date of the infant, ophthalmic findings, pulmonary status, growth, and interim illnesses were again recorded.

Results.  Six hundred forty-nine infants (325 conventional and 324 supplemental) were enrolled from 30 centers over 5 years. Five hundred ninety-seven (92.0%) infants attained known ophthalmic endpoints, and 600 (92%) completed the ophthalmic 3-month assessment. The rate of progression to threshold in at least 1 eye was 48% in the conventional arm and 41% in the supplemental arm. After adjustment for baseline ROP severity stratum, plus disease, race, and gestational age, the odds ratio (supplemental vs conventional) for progression was .72 (95% confidence interval: .52, 1.01). Final structural status of all study eyes at 3 months of corrected age showed similar rates of severe sequelae in both treatment arms: retinal detachments or folds (4.4% conventional vs 4.1% supplemental), and macular ectopia (3.9% conventional vs 3.9% supplemental). Within the prespecified ROP severity strata, ROP progression rates were lower with supplemental oxygen than with conventional oxygen, but the differences were not statistically significant. A post hoc subgroup analysis of plus disease (dilated and tortuous vessels in at least 2 quadrants of the posterior pole) suggested that infants without plus disease may be more responsive to supplemental therapy (46% progression in the conventional arm vs 32% in the supplemental arm) than infants with plus disease (52% progression in conventional vs 57% in supplemental). Pneumonia and/or exacerbations of chronic lung disease occurred in more infants in the supplemental arm (8.5% conventional vs 13.2% supplemental). Also, at 50 weeks of postmenstrual age, fewer conventional than supplemental infants remained hospitalized (6.8% vs 12.7%), on oxygen (37.0% vs 46.8%), and on diuretics (24.4% vs 35.8%). Growth and developmental milestones did not differ between the 2 arms.

Conclusions.  Use of supplemental oxygen at pulse oximetry saturations of 96% to 99% did not cause additional progression of prethreshold ROP but also did not significantly reduce the number of infants requiring peripheral ablative surgery. A subgroup analysis suggested a benefit of supplemental oxygen among infants who have prethreshold ROP without plus disease, but this finding requires additional study. Supplemental oxygen increased the risk of adverse pulmonary events including pneumonia and/or exacerbations of chronic lung disease and the need for oxygen, diuretics, and hospitalization at 3 months of corrected age. Although the relative risk/benefit of supplemental oxygen for each infant must be individually considered, clinicians need no longer be concerned that supplemental oxygen, as used in this study, will exacerbate active prethreshold ROP.  Key words:  retinopathy of prematurity, oxygen therapy, visual loss, oxygen toxicity, prematurity, neonatal outcomes, bronchopulmonary dysplasia.


Add to CiteULike CiteULike   Add to Connotea Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us Del.icio.us   Add to Digg Digg   Add to Facebook Facebook   Add to Reddit Reddit   Add to Technorati Technorati   Add to Twitter Twitter    What's this?


This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 ThoraxHome page
I M Balfour-Lynn, D J Field, P Gringras, B Hicks, E Jardine, R C Jones, A G Magee, R A Primhak, M P Samuels, N J Shaw, et al.
BTS guidelines for home oxygen in children
Thorax, August 1, 2009; 64(Suppl_2): ii1 - ii26.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch OphthalmolHome page
T. L. Yanovitch, S. F. Freedman, and D. K. Wallace
Vascular Dilation and Tortuosity in Plus Disease
Arch Ophthalmol, January 1, 2009; 127(1): 112 - 113.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 PediatricsHome page
H. J. Birenbaum, A. Dentry, J. Cirelli, S. Helou, M. A. Pane, K. Starr, C. F. Melick, L. Updegraff, C. Arnold, A. Tamayo, et al.
Reduction in the Incidence of Chronic Lung Disease in Very Low Birth Weight Infants: Results of a Quality Improvement Process in a Tertiary Level Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Pediatrics, January 1, 2009; 123(1): 44 - 50.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 IOVSHome page
M. F. Chiang, R. Gelman, S. L. Williams, J.-Y. Lee, D. S. Casper, M. E. Martinez-Perez, and J. T. Flynn
Plus Disease in Retinopathy of Prematurity: Development of Composite Images by Quantification of Expert Opinion
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., September 1, 2008; 49(9): 4064 - 4070.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed.Home page
D Quine and B J Stenson
Does the monitoring method influence stability of oxygenation in preterm infants? A randomised crossover study of saturation versus transcutaneous monitoring
Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed., September 1, 2008; 93(5): F347 - F350.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 IOVSHome page
Y. Saito, A. Uppal, G. Byfield, S. Budd, and M. E. Hartnett
Activated NAD(P)H Oxidase from Supplemental Oxygen Induces Neovascularization Independent of VEGF in Retinopathy of Prematurity Model
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., April 1, 2008; 49(4): 1591 - 1598.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 IOVSHome page
P. C. Ng, B. S. M. Tam, C. H. Lee, S. P. S. Wong, H. S. Lam, A. K. H. Kwok, and T. F. Fok
A Longitudinal Study to Establish the Normative Value and to Evaluate Perinatal Factors Affecting Intraocular Pressure in Preterm Infants
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., January 1, 2008; 49(1): 87 - 92.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 PediatricsHome page
C. Geary, M. Caskey, R. Fonseca, and M. Malloy
Decreased Incidence of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia After Early Management Changes, Including Surfactant and Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Treatment at Delivery, Lowered Oxygen Saturation Goals, and Early Amino Acid Administration: A Historical Cohort Study
Pediatrics, January 1, 2008; 121(1): 89 - 96.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch OphthalmolHome page
D. K. Wallace, S. F. Freedman, Z. Zhao, and S.-H. Jung
Accuracy of ROPtool vs Individual Examiners in Assessing Retinal Vascular Tortuosity
Arch Ophthalmol, November 1, 2007; 125(11): 1523 - 1530.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed.Home page
A. Greenough
How has research in the past 5 years changed my clinical practice
Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed., September 1, 2007; 92(5): F404 - F407.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch OphthalmolHome page
M. F. Chiang, L. Jiang, R. Gelman, Y. E. Du, and J. T. Flynn
Interexpert Agreement of Plus Disease Diagnosis in Retinopathy of Prematurity
Arch Ophthalmol, July 1, 2007; 125(7): 875 - 880.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed.Home page
D A Todd, A Wright, J Smith, and the NICUS Group
Severe retinopathy of prematurity in infants <30 weeks' gestation in New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory from 1992 to 2002
Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed., July 1, 2007; 92(4): F251 - F254.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 PediatricsHome page
R. D. Higgins, E. Bancalari, M. Willinger, and T. N.K. Raju
Executive Summary of the Workshop on Oxygen in Neonatal Therapies: Controversies and Opportunities for Research
Pediatrics, April 1, 2007; 119(4): 790 - 796.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 PediatricsHome page
H. Aly
Is There a Strategy for Preventing Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia? Absence of Evidence Is Not Evidence of Absence
Pediatrics, April 1, 2007; 119(4): 818 - 820.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed.Home page
W Tin and S Gupta
Optimum oxygen therapy in preterm babies
Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed., March 1, 2007; 92(2): F143 - F147.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 PediatricsHome page
J. Janer, S. Andersson, C. Haglund, and P. Lassus
Pulmonary Endostatin Perinatally and in Lung Injury of the Newborn Infant
Pediatrics, January 1, 2007; 119(1): e241 - e246.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 PediatricsHome page
M. J. Bizzarro, N. Hussain, B. Jonsson, R. Feng, L. R. Ment, J. R. Gruen, H. Zhang, and V. Bhandari
Genetic Susceptibility to Retinopathy of Prematurity
Pediatrics, November 1, 2006; 118(5): 1858 - 1863.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch OphthalmolHome page
A. Capone Jr, A. L. Ells, A. R. Fielder, J. T. Flynn, G. A. Gole, W. V. Good, J. M. Holmes, G. Holmstrom, X. Katz, J. A. McNamara, et al.
Standard image of plus disease in retinopathy of prematurity.
Arch Ophthalmol, November 1, 2006; 124(11): 1669 - 1670.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Br. J. Ophthalmol.Home page
R J Hardy, W V Good, V Dobson, E A Palmer, B Tung, D L Phelps, M J Shapiro, W A J van Heuven, and on behalf of the ETROP Cooperative Group
The Early Treatment for Retinopathy of Prematurity Clinical Trial: presentation by subgroups versus analysis within subgroups.
Br. J. Ophthalmol., November 1, 2006; 90(11): 1341 - 1342.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 PediatricsHome page
N. R. Payne, M. LaCorte, S. Sun, P. Karna, M. Lewis-Hunstiger, J. P. Goldsmith, and on behalf of the Breathsavers Group
Evaluation and Development of Potentially Better Practices to Reduce Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Very Low Birth Weight Infants
Pediatrics, November 1, 2006; 118(Supplement_2): S65 - S72.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 PediatricsHome page
N. R. Payne, M. LaCorte, P. Karna, S. Chen, M. Finkelstein, J. P. Goldsmith, J. H. Carpenter, and on behalf of the Breathsavers Group
Reduction of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia After Participation in the Breathsavers Group of the Vermont Oxford Network Neonatal Intensive Care Quality Improvement Collaborative
Pediatrics, November 1, 2006; 118(Supplement_2): S73 - S77.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 PediatricsHome page
S. P. Ford, M. K. Leick-Rude, K. A. Meinert, B. Anderson, M. B. Sheehan, B. M. Haney, S. R. Leeks, S. D. Simon, and J. K. Jackson
Overcoming Barriers to Oxygen Saturation Targeting
Pediatrics, November 1, 2006; 118(Supplement_2): S177 - S186.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 PediatricsHome page
J. K. Jackson, S. P. Ford, K. A. Meinert, M. K. Leick-Rude, B. Anderson, M. B. Sheehan, B. M. Haney, S. R. Leeks, and S. D. Simon
Standardizing Nasal Cannula Oxygen Administration in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Pediatrics, November 1, 2006; 118(Supplement_2): S187 - S196.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 NeoReviewsHome page
A. H. Jobe
The New BPD
NeoReviews, October 1, 2006; 7(10): e531 - e545.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 PediatricsHome page
J. I. Hagadorn, A. M. Furey, T.-H. Nghiem, C. H. Schmid, D. L. Phelps, D.-A. M. Pillers, C. H. Cole, and and the AVIOx Study Group
Achieved Versus Intended Pulse Oximeter Saturation in Infants Born Less Than 28 Weeks' Gestation: The AVIOx Study
Pediatrics, October 1, 2006; 118(4): 1574 - 1582.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch OphthalmolHome page
E. A. Palmer
We Can Aim at Better Results in Coming Years--Reply
Arch Ophthalmol, April 1, 2006; 124(4): 605 - 606.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 NeoReviewsHome page
W. W. Hay Jr
History of Pulse Oximetry in Neonatal Medicine
NeoReviews, December 1, 2005; 6(12): e533 - e538.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Br. J. Ophthalmol.Home page
B A Darlow, J L Hutchinson, J M Simpson, D J Henderson-Smart, D A Donoghue, N J Evans, and on behalf of the Australian and New Zealand Neonat
Variation in rates of severe retinopathy of prematurity among neonatal intensive care units in the Australian and New Zealand Neonatal Network
Br. J. Ophthalmol., December 1, 2005; 89(12): 1592 - 1596.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 PediatricsHome page
M. Walsh, W. Engle, A. Laptook, S. N. J. Kazzi, S. Buchter, M. Rasmussen, Q. Yao, and for the National Institute of Child Health and Hum
Oxygen Delivery Through Nasal Cannulae to Preterm Infants: Can Practice Be Improved?
Pediatrics, October 1, 2005; 116(4): 857 - 861.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch Pediatr Adolesc MedHome page
D. M. Lang, J. Blackledge, and R. W. Arnold
Is Pacific Race a Retinopathy of Prematurity Risk Factor?
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, August 1, 2005; 159(8): 771 - 773.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch OphthalmolHome page
An International Committee for the Classification
The International Classification of Retinopathy of Prematurity Revisited
Arch Ophthalmol, July 1, 2005; 123(7): 991 - 999.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 ThoraxHome page
I M Balfour-Lynn, R A Primhak, and B N J Shaw
Home oxygen for children: who, how and when?
Thorax, January 1, 2005; 60(1): 76 - 81.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 PediatricsHome page
M. C. Walsh, Q. Yao, P. Gettner, E. Hale, M. Collins, A. Hensman, R. Everette, N. Peters, N. Miller, G. Muran, et al.
Impact of a Physiologic Definition on Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Rates
Pediatrics, November 1, 2004; 114(5): 1305 - 1311.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Pathol.Home page
T. Chan-Ling, M. P. Page, T. Gardiner, L. Baxter, E. Rosinova, and S. Hughes
Desmin Ensheathment Ratio as an Indicator of Vessel Stability: Evidence in Normal Development and in Retinopathy of Prematurity
Am. J. Pathol., October 1, 2004; 165(4): 1301 - 1313.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 PediatricsHome page
P. Vanhaesebrouck, K. Allegaert, J. Bottu, C. Debauche, H. Devlieger, M. Docx, A. Francois, D. Haumont, J. Lombet, J. Rigo, et al.
The EPIBEL Study: Outcomes to Discharge From Hospital for Extremely Preterm Infants in Belgium
Pediatrics, September 1, 2004; 114(3): 663 - 675.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 IOVSHome page
R. W. I. Cooke, J. A. Drury, R. Mountford, and D. Clark
Genetic Polymorphisms and Retinopathy of Prematurity
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., June 1, 2004; 45(6): 1712 - 1715.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 PediatricsHome page
W. A. Silverman
A Cautionary Tale About Supplemental Oxygen: The Albatross of Neonatal Medicine
Pediatrics, February 1, 2004; 113(2): 394 - 396.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch OphthalmolHome page
Early Treatment for Retinopathy of Prematurity Coo
Revised Indications for the Treatment of Retinopathy of Prematurity: Results of the Early Treatment for Retinopathy of Prematurity Randomized Trial
Arch Ophthalmol, December 1, 2003; 121(12): 1684 - 1694.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch OphthalmolHome page
A. R. Fielder
Preliminary Results of Treatment of Eyes With High-Risk Prethreshold Retinopathy of Prematurity in the Early Treatment for Retinopathy of Prematurity Randomized Trial
Arch Ophthalmol, December 1, 2003; 121(12): 1769 - 1771.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 NeoReviewsHome page
L. M. Askie and W. Tin
The Use of Oxygen in Neonatal Medicine: Half a Century of Uncertainty
NeoReviews, December 1, 2003; 4(12): e340 - 348.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 NeoReviewsHome page
A. Madan
Angiogenesis and Antiangiogenesis in the Neonate: Relevance to Retinopathy of Prematurity
NeoReviews, December 1, 2003; 4(12): e356 - 363.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 PediatricsHome page
C. H. Cole, K. W. Wright, W. Tarnow-Mordi, and D. L. Phelps
Resolving Our Uncertainty About Oxygen Therapy
Pediatrics, December 1, 2003; 112(6): 1415 - 1419.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 NEJMHome page
L. M. Askie, D. J. Henderson-Smart, L. Irwig, and J. M. Simpson
Oxygen-Saturation Targets and Outcomes in Extremely Preterm Infants
N. Engl. J. Med., September 4, 2003; 349(10): 959 - 967.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 IOVSHome page
W. Zhang, Y. Ito, E. Berlin, R. Roberts, H. Luan, and B. A. Berkowitz
Specificity of Subnormal {Delta}PO2 for Retinal Neovascularization in Experimental Retinopathy of Prematurity
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., August 1, 2003; 44(8): 3551 - 3555.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.Home page
Statement on the Care of the Child with Chronic Lung Disease of Infancy and Childhood
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., August 1, 2003; 168(3): 356 - 396.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 CLIN PEDIATRHome page
R. P. Verma, S. Sridhar, and A. R. Spitzer
Continuing Care of NICU Graduates
Clinical Pediatrics, May 1, 2003; 42(4): 299 - 315.
[PDF]

Home page
 Arch OphthalmolHome page
N. D. Wangsa-Wirawan and R. A. Linsenmeier
Retinal Oxygen: Fundamental and Clinical Aspects
Arch Ophthalmol, April 1, 2003; 121(4): 547 - 557.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 PediatricsHome page
J. M. Davis, R. B. Parad, T. Michele, E. Allred, A. Price, and W. Rosenfeld
Pulmonary Outcome at 1 Year Corrected Age in Premature Infants Treated at Birth With Recombinant Human CuZn Superoxide Dismutase
Pediatrics, March 1, 2003; 111(3): 469 - 476.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 PediatricsHome page
L. C. Chow, K. W. Wright, and A. Sola
Can Changes in Clinical Practice Decrease the Incidence of Severe Retinopathy of Prematurity in Very Low Birth Weight Infants?
Pediatrics, February 1, 2003; 111(2): 339 - 345.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 PediatricsHome page
N. Simakajornboon, R. C. Beckerman, C. Mack, D. Sharon, and D. Gozal
Effect of Supplemental Oxygen on Sleep Architecture and Cardiorespiratory Events in Preterm Infants
Pediatrics, November 1, 2002; 110(5): 884 - 888.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 PediatricsHome page
M. L. McGregor, D. L. Bremer, C. Cole, R. E. McClead, D. L. Phelps, R. R. Fellows, and N. Oden
Retinopathy of Prematurity Outcome in Infants With Prethreshold Retinopathy of Prematurity and Oxygen Saturation >94% in Room Air: The High Oxygen Percentage in Retinopathy of Prematurity Study
Pediatrics, September 1, 2002; 110(3): 540 - 544.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 PediatricsHome page
W. Tin
Oxygen Therapy: 50 Years of Uncertainty
Pediatrics, September 1, 2002; 110(3): 615 - 616.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed.Home page
C M Wheatley, J L Dickinson, D A Mackey, J E Craig, and M M Sale
Retinopathy of prematurity: recent advances in our understanding
Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed., September 1, 2002; 87(2): F78 - 82.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed.Home page
S Kotecha and J Allen
Oxygen therapy for infants with chronic lung disease
Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed., July 1, 2002; 87(1): F11 - 14.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed.Home page
S H Abman
Monitoring cardiovascular function in infants with chronic lung disease of prematurity
Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed., July 1, 2002; 87(1): F15 - 18.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Br. J. Ophthalmol.Home page
C M Wheatley, J L Dickinson, D A Mackey, J E Craig, and M M Sale
Retinopathy of prematurity: recent advances in our understanding
Br. J. Ophthalmol., June 1, 2002; 86(6): 696 - 700.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 IOVSHome page
X. Gu, S. Samuel, M. El-shabrawey, R. B. Caldwell, M. Bartoli, D. M. Marcus, and S. E. Brooks
Effects of Sustained Hyperoxia on Revascularization in Experimental Retinopathy of Prematurity
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., February 1, 2002; 43(2): 496 - 502.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Med. Genet.Home page
S J. Talks, N. Ebenezer, P. Hykin, G. Adams, F. Yang, E Schulenberg, K. Gregory-Evans, and C. Y Gregory-Evans
De novo mutations in the 5' regulatory region of the Norrie disease gene in retinopathy of prematurity
J. Med. Genet., December 1, 2001; 38 (12): e46 - e46.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 NeoReviewsHome page
L. L. Wright
The Role of Follow-up in Randomized Controlled Trials
NeoReviews, November 1, 2001; 2(11): e257 - 266.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 PediatricsHome page
O. D. Saugstad
Is Oxygen More Toxic Than Currently Believed?
Pediatrics, November 1, 2001; 108(5): 1203 - 1205.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Br. J. Ophthalmol.Home page
C. GILBERT
Retinopathy of prematurity{---}the ""second lull""?
Br. J. Ophthalmol., September 1, 2001; 85(9): 1017a - 1019.
[Full Text]

Home page
 PediatricsHome page
M. C. Mammel, R.-A. O. deRegnier;, K. J. Barrington;, L. J. Van Marter, E. N. Allred, M. Pangano, U. Sanocka, R. Parad, M. Moore, M. Susser, et al.
Barotrauma, Oxygen Toxicity, and Chronic Lung Disease
Pediatrics, August 1, 2001; 108(2): 525 - 525.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 NeoReviewsHome page
D. L. Phelps
Retinopathy of Prematurity: Practical Clinical Approach
NeoReviews, July 1, 2001; 2(7): e174 - 179.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed.Home page
W. TIN, D. MILLIGAN, and P. PENNEFATHER
Oxygen saturation and retinopathy of prematurity{---}Authors' response
Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed., July 1, 2001; 85(1): F75a - 75.
[Full Text]

Home page
 Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed.Home page
N. MCINTOSH and N. MARLOW
High or low oxygen saturation for the preterm baby
Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed., May 1, 2001; 84(3): F149 - F150.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 PediatricsHome page
M. Subhani, A. Combs, P. Weber, C. Gerontis, and J. D. DeCristofaro
Screening Guidelines for Retinopathy of Prematurity: The Need for Revision in Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants
Pediatrics, April 1, 2001; 107(4): 656 - 659.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed.Home page
W Tin, D W A Milligan, P Pennefather, and E Hey
Pulse oximetry, severe retinopathy, and outcome at one year in babies of less than 28 weeks gestation
Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed., March 1, 2001; 84(2): 106F - 110.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 PediatricsHome page
G. H. Katzman
Retinopathy of Prematurity: Taking the Next Step
Pediatrics, January 1, 2001; 107(1): 215 - 215.
[Full Text]

Home page
 Evid. Based Nurs.Home page
J. M McGrath
Supplemental oxygen did not reduce progression of pre-threshold retinopathy of prematurity in infants
Evid. Based Nurs., October 1, 2000; 3(4): 114 - 114.
[Full Text]

Home page
 Arch OphthalmolHome page
STOP-ROP Results Suggest Selective Use of Supplemental Oxygen for Prethreshold ROP
Arch Ophthalmol, August 1, 2000; 118(8): 1121 - 1122.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 PediatricsHome page
M. W. Gaynon and D. K. Stevenson
What Can We Learn From STOP-ROP and Earlier Studies?
Pediatrics, February 1, 2000; 105(2): 420 - 421.
[Full Text]