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PEDIATRICS Vol. 101 No. 4 Supplement April 1998, pp. 795-804

The Changing Health Care Environment: Implications for Residency Training

Seth Frazier*, Daniel Hyman*, Dagger , and Steven Altschuler*, Dagger

From * Children's Health Net, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; the Dagger  Department of Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and the Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Throughout the United States, the growth of managed care is forcing pediatric providers (physicians and hospitals) to reconstruct and integrate the health care delivery system with a focus away from the academic center and toward the community. Managed care also is forcing new financing approaches geared toward the assumption of economic risk for patient management and utilization of services. Radical changes in pediatric training programs will be necessary to accommodate the strategic and operational changes being pursued in response to these evolving market forces. These changes, while disruptive, will strengthen the breadth and diversity of graduate medical education and will better prepare trainees for the new delivery system in which they will practice. In this article, we examine how the evolution of managed care is redefining the basic financial and organizational framework for pediatric care and the implications of this redefinition for children's hospitals and academic medical center-based pediatric programs. We draw on our experience in the greater Philadelphia market to illustrate the impact of these changes and discuss one pediatric system's response. Finally, we review the educational opportunities provided by these changes.

Key words: managed care, residency education, capitation, integrated delivery system, children's hospital, utilization management, total quality management, health care financing.


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