Advertising Disclaimer
This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me when eLetters are posted
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Right arrow Citation Map
Services
Right arrow E-mail this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Add to My File Cabinet
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowRequest Permissions
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via CrossRef
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Hoppin, J. A.
Right arrow Articles by Ryan, P. B.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Hoppin, J. A.
Right arrow Articles by Ryan, P. B.
Related Collections
Right arrow Therapeutics & Toxicology
Social Bookmarking
Add to CiteULike   Add to Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us   Add to Digg   Add to Facebook   Add to Reddit   Add to Technorati   Add to Twitter  
What's this?

PEDIATRICS Vol. 100 No. 3 September 1997, pp. 365-370

In Vivo Bone Lead Measurement in Suburban Teenagers

Received Nov 14, 1996; accepted Feb 11, 1997.

Jane A. Hoppin*, Antonio Aro*, Dagger , Howard Hu*, Dagger , and P. Barry Ryan*, §

From the * Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Dagger  Channing Laboratories, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; and § Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.

Objective.  Bone represents a biologically active long-term storage site for lead, and bone lead data on teenagers are limited. Therefore, this study was designed to identify the distribution of bone lead in a teenage population and to explore the environmental and demographic factors associated with bone lead concentrations in young, nonoccupationally exposed subjects.

Design.  A cross-sectional study of bone lead levels in high school students.

Participants.  A total of 168 students at a suburban Boston high school. Subjects (90 boys, 78 girls) ranged in age from 13.5 to 19 years and included 40% nonwhite minorities. Of the 168 subjects, 45 lived in homes constructed before 1960. None of the participants reported a history of lead poisoning.

Outcome Measures.  Tibial bone lead concentrations were measured in vivo for 60 minutes using K x-ray fluorescence. Lead exposure information was obtained by self-administered questionnaire.

Results.  Point estimates of bone lead levels ranged from -7.15 to 14.23 µg lead/g bone mineral (µg/g), (mean, 4.0 µg/g; standard deviation, 4.4 µg/g). The reported measurement uncertainties accompanying each of the point estimates ranged from 2.56 to 9.01 µg/g (mean, 3.9 µg/g; standard deviation, 1.0 µg/g). Bone lead levels were not associated with the demographic factors of age, sex, or race. Additionally, current home conditions (housing age, traffic level) were not predictive of bone lead levels, even though these factors were predictive of in-home lead concentrations.

Conclusions.  These results demonstrate that although bone lead levels are measurable in this age group, the common predictors of blood and bone lead concentrations are not explanatory for bone lead levels.

Key words: lead, bone, environmental health, adolescents, environmental exposure, epidemiology.


Add to CiteULike CiteULike   Add to Connotea Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us Del.icio.us   Add to Digg Digg   Add to Facebook Facebook   Add to Reddit Reddit   Add to Technorati Technorati   Add to Twitter Twitter    What's this?


This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 AJPHHome page
K. Theppeang, T. A. Glass, K. Bandeen-Roche, A. C. Todd, C. A. Rohde, and B. S. Schwartz
Gender and Race/Ethnicity Differences in Lead Dose Biomarkers
Am J Public Health, July 1, 2008; 98(7): 1248 - 1255.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Occup. Environ. Med.Home page
A C Todd, B-K Lee, G-S Lee, K-D Ahn, E L Moshier, and B S Schwartz
Predictors of DMSA chelatable lead, tibial lead, and blood lead in 802 Korean lead workers
Occup. Environ. Med., February 1, 2001; 58(2): 73 - 80.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Clin. Chem.Home page
T. M. Ambrose, M. Al-Lozi, and M. G. Scott
Bone Lead Concentrations Assessed by in Vivo X-Ray Fluorescence
Clin. Chem., August 1, 2000; 46(8): 1171 - 1178.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]